Identifying a patient, stating the reason for admission/appointment - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1723 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Medicine Essay Type Essay any type Level High school Did you like this example? Identify a patient, stating the reason for admission/appointment. Identify a patient, stating the reason for admission/appointment. It must be on diabetes. Describe a specific problem that has been highlighted through the assessment process. Explore factors that may have led to their hospital admission/appointment. This could include physical psychological and social aspects. Case details In this essay we shall discuss the case of Mrs Singh. She is an elderly lady of 76 yrs. old. Who lives in warden assisted accommodation. She has done so for the last ten years since her husband died. She has had Type II diabetes mellitus for the last 17 years, and copes reasonably well considering her age and her comparative infirmity. She has been able to go out and get her shopping from the nearby shops and is otherwise self-caring, clean and tidy. According to the referral letter from her General Practitioner, who arranged this admission to hospital, a number of people had recently commented that she looked ill and was not caring for herself as well as she used to do. Her family live a considerable distance away from her and, although they see her about once or twice a month, they do not stay for long as they have a business to run. When she was admitted she was found to be lucid and coherent but her family told us that she had had a number of episodes of confusion rec ently. She was occasionally very sleepy and had left the gas burning on one occasion. She had a large infected ulcer on her left shin, which had clearly been there for a matter of weeks, but because of her habit of wearing long skirts, no one had noticed it. She had a degree of ankleoedema, but her physical examination was otherwise unremarkable, apart from the fact that she had a BMI in excess of 29. She is a moderate smoker. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Identifying a patient, stating the reason for admission/appointment" essay for you Create order Discussion Mrs Singh as an individual is clearly unique, but sadly, she also represents a great many elderly diabetic patients who live in similar conditions. The thrust of this particular discussion will be the aetiology and management of her condition with particular relevance to her leg ulcer. Diabetes Mellitus, an overview Diabetes is a comparatively common disease process in the UK. In children it is the commonest major illness (after childhood infections). There are approximately 1.5 million diabetic patients in the UK at present and the number is relentlessly increasing. (Devendra et al 2004). The 1.5 million are not equally spread across all segments of the population. People from the Asian and Afro-Caribbean ethnic backgrounds have a markedly increased risk of developing Diabetes Mellitus (UKPDSG 1998) with one in four of all Afro-Caribbean women over the age of 55 being diabetic. (Nathan 1998). Increasing age and BMI also are both independent risk factors for Diabetes Mellitus (James 1997). Of this number, it is expected that about 10% will develop some form of lower limb ulceration while they are diabetic. (Amos et al 1997). To some extent, it is statistically more likely that those patients who have poor control of their diabetic state will develop ulceration (and other complications) than those patients who have good control. The other factor that is relevant in the aetiology of leg ulceration is the length of time a person is diabetic. Chronicity of the disease process is an independent variable for leg ulceration. (Simon P et al 2004). A number of authorities have estimated the burden of cost of Diabetes Mellitus to the NHS. A recent study by Newrick (et al 2000) considered that 9% of the total NHS budget was spent on diabetes and diabetic related issues. By far the biggest single portion of that amount (over half) was on the treatment of complications and the commonest clinically relevant complication is that of venous ulceratio n (Ellison et al2002) We can start by considering the pathophysiology of Diabetes Mellitus Pathophysiology This is a huge subject in its own right and we shall therefore present a brief overview as far as it is relevant to Mrs Singh. In broad terms Diabetes Mellitus is a condition where the body loses the ability to metabolise carbohydrates in general and glucose in particular. Glucose is absorbed from the gut, transported to the liver where is can be stored as glycogen, and then transported through the bloodstream to the cells in the periphery of the body, where it is one of the main metabolic substrates. It is absorbed from the blood into the cells by a specific molecular carrier system and this is totally insulin dependent. If there is a failure of insulin production, then the circulating level of insulin falls and the glucose is not transported into the cells. This leads, initially to hyperglycaemia and finally to ketosis and metabolic failure. This is the situation of Type I diabetes mellitus. The alternative is Type II diabetes mellitus where the cells lose the abilit y to respond to the circulating insulin levels. This also results in hyperglycaemia and eventual metabolic failure but is characterised by high levels of circulating insulin. In general terms, Type I diabetes mellitus is a comparatively acute illness whereas Type 1 diabetes mellitus tends to be far more chronic, sometimes taking many months or even years to become clinically apparent. (after Donnelly et al 2000)/ The complications of Diabetes Mellitus are many. The largest group are the micro- and macro vascular group of the cardiovascular complications. (Stratton I et al 2000). The macro vascular group are usually related to the process of atherosclerosis and present with either degrees of myocardial is chaemia or as peripheral impairment such as intermittent claudication or ulceration. In general terms the incidence of this type of complication is directly associated with the average levels of HbA1 (which is a long term indicator of diabetic control) (HSG 1997). Nursing interventions The major nursing intervention to discuss here is the management of the leg ulcer. In any medical intervention its important to establish a sound evidence base (Sackett, 1996). We shall therefore quote the literature relevant to each point. The first, and arguably most important consideration is whether the ulcer is primarily venous, arterial or (more rarely) neuropathic in origin. This is comparatively easily determined by an assessment of the ankle/brachial pressure ratio. This is measured by means of a Doppler measure and the ratio is easily calculated. If it is less than the critical level of 0.8 it is likely that an significant arterial element is present.(Partsch H. 2003). Mrs Singh was treated with a 4 layer bandage. Her ratio was significantly above the 0.8 threshold and the main aetiology of her ulcer was therefore judged to be venous. The composition and construction of a 4-layer bandage is very specific but it can be individually modified to suit the demands of the individual patient. The first layer is a cotton wool based bandage with the primary purpose of absorbing the copious amounts of exudates that are common with this type of ulcer. It also has the secondary purpose of spreading the pressure evenly across the underlying tissues the second layer is a crepe bandage which has the prime function of holding the lower layer in place. The third layer is a compressive layer, usually an elastic type of bandage is then applied and this is covered by a final binding layer. (Nelsonet al. 2004). The rationale behind the bandage is that in the typical diabetic venous ulcer there is an increased pressure at the venous end of the capillary bed which translates into stagnation in the capillary blood flow which renders the tissues less viable because of poor oxygenation. By exerting physical pressure of about 40 mm Hg on the tissues, this increase of venous pressure is negated and the circulation improved.(Thomas S. 2003). Clearly it follows that in an arterial ulcer, as there is a reduction in the arterial pressure at the arterial end of the capillary bed, any increase in physical pressure could further reduce the blood flow across the capillary bed, which is why it is vital to differentiate between the two types before applying the bandage.(Marston W et al. 2003). The second main nursing intervention, and possibly more beneficial in the longer term, would be the Health Promotion aspects of the nursing relationship. Mrs Singh is overweight. Her BMI is about 29 which means that her weight is not only contributing to the reduction in venous return, and thereby contributing to both the aetiology and the persistence of her ulcer, but the obesity is also a major factor in the aetiology of her Type II diabetes mellitus. If Mrs Singh can be persuaded to reduce her weight, her need for hypoglycaemic medication may well lessen. It is possible that it may reduce to the point that she could manage her condition o n diet alone. (Terry T-K et al 2003). Smoking is not only an independent risk factor for Type II diabetes mellitus, but it is also a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. A major health promotion measure would therefore be to help Mrs Singh to give up smoking. This is not a short term measure, so is not particularly suited for hospital intervention, although the nursing staff spent a considerable amount of time with Mrs Singh to explain the problems associated with smoking. (Marks-Moran Rose 1996). On discharge she was referred to, and seen by, the smoking cessation nurse at the local primary healthcare team. The whole concept of patient empowerment and education is most important in this field. If a patient understands why they are being asked to do something, they are much more likely to comply with the request from the healthcare professional (Marinker M.1997). The weight reduction needs to be carefully managed if it is to be successful. She was referred to the d ietician who prescribed a low fat, carbohydrate regulated, 1,200 cal. per day diet. Because this is clearly going to be a long term intervention, arrangements were made for Mrs Singh to be followed up in the community dietetic clinic. Mrs Singh was in hospital for seven days when the multidisciplinary discharge team were able to arrange her discharge. This involved the assistance of an occupational therapist to assist with minor home modifications and the community nurses who continued the treatment with the 4 layer bandage. (Harrison, I. D et al 2005) The diabetic specialist nurse was also involved. As Mrs Singhs weight slowly reduced she was able to reduce and finally come off her hypoglycaemic medication.

Social Status The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald

Social Status: Is it Really Important? What is social class in the twenty-first century? There are distinctions in classes but do people actually notice the difference? Most people would say no. People in the early 1900s would say social class was very important to all people. In The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald proved that social status was viewed very differently than it is now because modern Americans seem to care less about judging others based on social class. One of the first people introduced to us is Gatsby, Jay Gatsby. Gatsby is a person of new money. New money is someone who was not raised in wealth, and instead came to earn abundant amounts of money. Gatsby was not raised in a lot of money; he was raised in poverty in the Midwest. Casie E. Hermanson states, â€Å"As a seventeen year old he transformed himself from plain James Gatz, to Jay Gatsby for whom anything is possible† (Hermanson 78). Gatsby was able to transform himself completely into a new person. 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Continuous Improvement Plan for Latino Engineering †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Continuous Improvement Plan for Latino Engineering. Answer: Introduction This essay depicts the important of implementation of continuous business improvement planning and strategies to mitigate the operational a functional issues those are associated to different enterprises. For this particular essay the nominated organization is the Latino Engineering. This midsize company deals with the manufacturing of specialist engineering equipments for different industries such as oil and gas industry, construction, infrastructure industry etc (Conger 2015). The company is located in New South Wales Australia. However, currently the company is facing some major challenges. Latino Engineering has 300 employees and the founder of the company is Dominic Latino. However, currently due to lack of opportunities and change of ownership the previous operations of the company are interrupted. The senior management authority of the company identified different root causes for which the company is facing different challenges. For arresting the issues, only 3 months are provided to the newly hiredproject management consultant. In order to mitigate the issues proper tools and techniques are applied and those are illustrated in this report. Not only this but also the considering the required resources a plan has been proposed for Latino Engineering. In addition to this, to stop the repeated issues occurrences a continuous improvement plan for the Latino Engineering is implemented in this report. Continuous improvement plan for Latino engineering Explanation of the ways through which the root causes of Latino Engineering Company can be identified: After analyzing the manufacture standard of a different manufacturing company it has been identified that, Latino Engineering is facing major level operational challenges. In order to combat these issues the company is required to identify the root cause of the issues (Goetsch and Davis 2014). With the identification f the root causes only the issues could be mitigated by the management authority of Latino Engineering. Root cause analysis is the tools that are mostly used to identify the operational issues of the manufacturing companies. Generally two different processes such as non-confirming product control and analysis of root cause through corrective actions are there through which the root causes could be analyzed. However for this particular company the root causes could be analyzed with the help of different corrective actions (Pyzdek and Keller 2014). All of these corrective actions are different from each other. With the help of this process the root cause will be identified easily rather just immediate after its occurrence. The products those are expected to have troubles are required to be contained and prevented from the subsequent manufacturing operation and consumers reach. Even the manufactured products those are already delivered to the consumers must get back for further research and additional treatment (Arumugam, Antony and Linderman 2014). The allotted investigation time is quite considerable for this particular root cause analysis. The classic root cause analysis approach for Latino Engineering can be determined with the help of development of questionnaires. The root causes identified for Latino Engineering are as follows: The used engineering equipments are faulty The follow up technique used for the clients are poorly designed and developed The turnover times needed for resolution of the issue are too much longer The consumer service forum is not responsive enough Wrong engineering equipments are packed and delivered to the consumers After analyzing the root cause, the corrective actions are required to be undertaken by the management authority of the business organization just to reach long lasting risk management components (Jacobs, Swink and Linderman 2015). Set of stock answers will be helpful to be undertaken to minimize the rate of different risks. The preceding risk causes could be identified with the help of corrective action. Before delivering or launching any products, those are required to be investigated by the manufacturing company. Even the interpersonal skills of the employees who have been working in the company are needed to be professional enough so that the chances of risk occurrences could get minimized easily (McAdam et al. 2014). Different ways are there those might be followed to meet the requirement of the consumers however, all the roots should be analyzed and the best and most suitable one should be selected by the management authority. The main issues those are needed to be minimized in clude insufficient training development programs, carelessness of the employees, insufficient time and manmade error. Proposal of an appropriate tool and technique for eliminating this issue: Different tools and technologies are there those should have been used by the manufacturing committee of Latino Engineering to minimize the production and service level issues. The tools those are effective for the company include Lean Six Sigma, Six Sigma, Total Quality Management (TQM), prince2 etc. However, after considering the manufacturing and delivery ability of the company, it has been found that, the most effective tolls for the company is Six Sigma (Choo and Goh 2015). With the help of Six Sigma tool the employees will be able to access every business necessity effectively. Moreover with the help of the Six Sigma, Latino Engineering can develop continuous business improvement plan. For this particular company the selected tool is Six Sigma. Without the integration of proper engineering design, material processing and control strategies as well over a virtual platform, it is quite impossible to achieve the continuous improvement principles (Svensson et al. 2015). In the future production process for achieving the higher level standard deviation Six Sigma approach is very much helpful. The unseen root causes for the potential problems could be minimizing with the help of Six Sigma tool. According to the nature of the Six Sigma tool, it is determined that, the defect alternatives can be eliminated completely. Even at the very early stage the organizational risks could be minimized completely with the application of proper Six Sigma tool (Ang 2015). It helps to indicate that whether the sigma level applications are too much low or challenging from the business aspects or not (Chang 2016). The Six Sigma levels can be achieved with the help of different cross functional groups and joint efforts of the employees who are workin g in Latino Engineering. It should be defined that after implementation of a system, if it needed to be changed then it becomes costlier than anything. According to the six sigma breakthrough model, the major level organizational objectives those might be achieved include higher commercial profit, increased value, reduction in variation etc (Panat et al. 2014). The components of Six Sigma concentrate on two different processes those are available for every sigma objectives. The characterization of the process includes three below parts such as: Diagnosis of project details and process management Evaluation of the existing capability study of the sigma Analysis of the process data There are certain other steps those are required to be followed for minimizing the rate of simulation include: Improvement and optimization of different processes Evaluation of new sigma Control and process maintenance Different tools uses for eliminating the issues of the business organization: Different types of business tools such as Total quality management, Prince2, Six Sigma, Lean Six sigma are there those are widely used for eliminating the organizational issues. Different unexpected benefits can be generated from these tools (Harmon 2015). Though the benefits differ from each other, but as Latino Engineering is a manufacturing company thus the design specification also varies. In order to meet the requirement of the consumers it is very much necessary to obtain proper business strategies. With the help of the new business strategies the company will be able to mitigate the sales and manufacturing oriented issues from the core business (Canato, Ravasi and Phillips 2013). The intra organizational conflicts rose because the top of the management failed to communicate properly with the fellow team members and also not focused to the view point of the employees who are working in the organizatio n. It means that the team management approach and decision making approach of the company is not appreciable. After considering the complaints or feedback given by the management team it is determined that with the help of Six Sigma these issues could be mitigated. Specified tool used in Latino Engineering: The Six Sigma management methodology allows the Latino Engineering to utilize all the information those are helpful for eliminating the defects associated to the process. The process those might achieve the six sigma will not have any such management issues (Alharthi, Sharaf and Aziz 2014). It provides huge amount of opportunities those are outside the specification of the consumers. Two subset methodologies such as DMAIC (Define, measurement, analysis, improvement and control) and DMADV (Define, measurement, analysis, design and verification) should be followed to work using the help of Six Sigma. The implementation of Six Sigma methodology provides different commercial profit as well. The specified benefits that Latino Engineering will gain after the utilization of the Six Sigma methodology are as follows: Customer loyalty improvement: The main aim of any business is to retain their consumers. In order to determine the success of the firm this is referred to as a significant factor (Conger 2015). However, consumers loyalty and the organizational retention could generate as a merged form if the consumers gain high level satisfaction from their service and product quality. Through the consumers survey it is found that most of the consumers are not coming back due to the dissatisfactory service. The dissatisfaction of the consumers will be minimized completely after the implementation of Six Sigma in Latino Engineering (Goetsch and Davis 2014). According to this approach proper training and development programs are needed to reduce the regular organizational problems. Not only this but also, professional Customer Service Center could be employed after the implementation of Six Sigma methodology. It will help Latino Engineering to understand about the perception of the consumer satisfaction and about the critical produ cts attributes as well. Time management: Besides the consumers satisfaction the other factor that could be gained from the six sigma methodology include proper time management, With the help of proper time management both the users and employees will be able to serve as per the requirement of the management authority (Pyzdek and Keller 2014). This will allow the consumers to reach the SMART goal of the business organization. Three different key areas such as learning, performance and fulfillment of the consumers requirement could be done with the help of the Six Sigma methodology (Ang 2015). In order to ensure the minimal disruption of the work processes, this Six Sigma methodology is referred to as one of the most effective tools. With the help of the action plans the users and the employees of the organization could develop an action plan by their own to avoid unwanted interruption. Reduced time cycle: Before the implementation of any new approach, it is very much necessary to allot proper time and estimate accurate budget. The project development team is always responsible to complete all the projects within the estimated time and budget only (Choo and Goh 2015). It will help Latino Engineering to motivate the employees with strategic planning and advanced supply chain management approaches. The rate of risks and defects will also be reduced after the implantation of Six Sigma methodology. Proposal of a plan that helps to eliminate the root causes considering the required resources: In order to eliminate and reduce the root cause of the considered resource, Six Sigma tools is found to be one of the mist helpful and effective tools. The rates of consumer satisfaction get increases with reduced cost, high product quality, process speed and appreciable invested capital (Sin et al. 2015). The business improvement and growth system leads Latino Engineering towards measurable success. This chronological data driven approach helps to analyze the root cause of manufacturing and this could improve the business issues in a dramatic way. Depending upon the knowledge and data the decision making approaches can be improved professionally. The performance paramount can also be driven towards financial resultant. This particular system is also applicable in every business (Panat et al. 2014). Among different set of problems the company might face different issues, in different domain however, the Six Sigma Tool focuses on that particular domain only where, the solution is required. Six Sigma model develops improvement technique and some common set of tools for improvement at the same time. In order to overcome the identified issues of Latino Engineering, green belt improvement model could be used. With the collaboration of operational risk management and Six Sigma an organization could achieve measureable success from the competitive market place (Harmon 2015). The existing development plan used by Latino Engineering is not that much appreciable thus, for gaining success from the competitive market it is very much necessary for Latino Engineering to apply proper tools and techniques. Development of continuous improvement plan to eliminate the identified root causes of the issues: The Sig Sigma is referred to as a process rater tool that ranges between the measurement of a mean process quality and the nearest list of specification. The quality management approach includes different components such as statistical control over the quality of the products manufactured by Latino Engineering, zero defect, total quality management etc. One of the most Quality Managing Initiative tool is Six Sigma. In order to gain substantial profit from the competitive market it is very much necessary to adopt the six sigma approach (Kumar et al. 2014). For evaluating the accuracy and advisability of any of the measuring system, Measuring System Tool is required to be utilized by the management authority of Latino Engineering. For improving the quality of the products manufactured by Latino Engineering, the basic tools might be used include input process output, Measurement system anal ysis, Cause effect diagram, histogram etc. Through the usage of phase of measurement the MSA goal can be estimated accurately. Even, certain statistical system analysis formulae are also there through which the resultant regarding the product quality can be measured. For analyzing the Cause and Consequences the different level problems can also be solved (Alharthi, Sharaf and Aziz 2014). Apart from pinpointing or counting the defects, Six Sigma focuses on improvement of the overall management approach of Latino Engineering. Conclusion From the overall discussion it can be concluded that in order to gain measureable business revenue and continuous improvement different tools and technologies are required to be adopted by the management authority. After analyzing the current situation of Latino Engineering it is found that due to lack of operational and functional excellence and also for the transfer of ownership the company is facing major business level challenges. Different root causes for the company are being identified and in order to mitigate these challenges, certain appropriate tools and technologies are applied for the company. After applying the tools in the operation of the company it is found that the operational issues can be completely mitigated. Again, in order to eliminate the root causes different tools are available in the business processes such as Total Quality Management (TQM), Six Sigma, and Lean Six Sigma (LSS) etc. Among these approaches application of the six sigma tool is much appreciable. With the help of this tool a continuous improvement plan for Latino Engineering is being developed by the newly hiredproject management consultant. The entire improvement plan is developed in this essay. References Alharthi, A.A., Sharaf, M.A. and Aziz, T., 2014. An integrated approach Lean Six Sigma and risk management in entertainment and media industry. InProceedings of the 2014 International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management(pp. 2917-2927). Ang, B.S., 2015.A Study Of Knowledge Creation In Six Sigma Dmaic Project Success And Its Impact On Organizational Performance(Doctoral dissertation, Universiti Sains Malaysia). Arumugam, V., Antony, J. and Linderman, K., 2014. A multilevel framework of six sigma: A systematic review of the literature, possible extensions, and future research.The Quality Management Journal,21(4), p.36. Canato, A., Ravasi, D. and Phillips, N., 2013. Coerced practice implementation in cases of low cultural fit: Cultural change and practice adaptation during the implementation of Six Sigma at 3M.Academy of Management Journal,56(6), pp.1724-1753. Chang, J.F., 2016.Business process management systems: strategy and implementation. CRC Press. Choo, B.S.Y. and Goh, J.C.L., 2015. Pragmatic adaptation of the ISO 31000: 2009 enterprise risk management framework in a high-tech organization using Six Sigma.International Journal of Accounting Information Management,23(4), pp.364-382. Conger, S., 2015. Six sigma and business process management. InHandbook on Business Process Management 1(pp. 127-146). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Goetsch, D.L. and Davis, S.B., 2014.Quality management for organizational excellence. Upper Saddle River, NJ: pearson. Harmon, P., 2015. The scope and evolution of business process management. InHandbook on business process management 1(pp. 37-80). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Jacobs, B.W., Swink, M. and Linderman, K., 2015. Performance effects of early and late Six Sigma adoptions.Journal of Operations Management,36, pp.244-257. Kumar, S., Luthra, S., Garg, D. and Haleem, A., 2014. Lean six sigma implementation: An analytic hierarchy process approach. InNITIE-POMS Conference(pp. 18-21). McAdam, R., Antony, J., Kumar, M. and Hazlett, S.A., 2014. Absorbing new knowledge in small and medium-sized enterprises: A multiple case analysis of Six Sigma.International Small Business Journal,32(1), pp.81-109. Panat, R., Dimitrova, V., Selvy Selvamuniandy, T., Ishiko, K. and Sun, D., 2014. The application of Lean Six Sigma to the configuration control in Intels manufacturing RD environment.International Journal of Lean Six Sigma,5(4), pp.444-459. Pyzdek, T. and Keller, P.A., 2014.The six sigma handbook(p. 25). New York: McGraw-Hill Education. Sin, A.B., Zailani, S., Iranmanesh, M. and Ramayah, T., 2015. Structural equation modelling on knowledge creation in Six Sigma DMAIC project and its impact on organizational performance.International Journal of Production Economics,168, pp.105-117. Svensson, C., Antony, J., Ba-Essa, M., Bakhsh, M. and Albliwi, S., 2015. A Lean Six Sigma program in higher education.International Journal of Quality Reliability Management,32(9), pp.951-969. van den Bos, A., Kemper, B. and de Waal, V., 2014. A study on how to improve the throughput time of Lean Six Sigma projects in a construction company.International journal of lean six sigma,5(2), pp.212-226.

Scientology Religion Or Bizarre Cult Essays -

Scientology: Religion Or Bizarre Cult? English 150 Sean Roberts Dec. 13/99 Scientology New Age Religion or Bizarre Cult? 1. Many people have heard of the revolutionary new religious practice called Scientology. However, the majority of people who have heard of it, have little knowledge of the principles and practices behind the religion. In fact, there is a dark side behind Scientology, and much speculation that the religion is a brainwashing cult. Many people are opposed to the religion because of its secretiveness, its extreme methods of teaching and its alleged use of mind control. Scientology, founded in 1950 (Hubbard. What is. 3), is an applied religious philosophy (Hubbard. What is. 4), which is a branch of psychology (Fundamentals. 7). Developed by Lafayette Ron Hubbard, Scientology was created from discoveries resulting from Hubbard's research into the mind and life (Fundamentals. 11). Hubbard claimed that Scientology is for the betterment of man (Fundamentals. 117), and that Scientology can be used by an average person to bring better order to their life (Fundamentals. 8). Hubbard claimed that Scientology improves the health, intelligence, ability, behavior, skill and appearance of the average person (Fundamentals. 8). One of the most fundamental ideas in Scientology is the belief that the individual man is divisible into three parts (Hubbard. What is. 5-6): The Mind, the Body and the Thetan. Hubbard believed that the Thetan, or personality of a person, is separable from the rest of the mind at will, and without causing bodily death or mental derangement (Fundamentals. 5-6). Hubbard was born in Tilden, Nebraska in 1911 (Malko 29). It is known that Hubbard was raised on a Montana cattle ranch by his grandfather (Malko 30), however little else is known about the first thirty years of his life (Malko 29). Hubbard's past is best summed up by George Malko, Nothing is ever precise, 2. and we are never sure when and under what circumstances he did something or went someplace (Malko 29). There are highly inflated claims (Mallia. Judge.1) that Hubbard traveled throughout Asia at age fourteen (Malko 31), and that he left college to lead an expedition into Central America (Malko 32). However it is known that Hubbard was a science-fiction writer and was a familiar name to American science-fiction fans before venturing into religious philosophy (Malko 34). Hubbard was a bright man, and accepted by many who read his work and who knew him. Hubbard died of a brain hemorrhage on the 24th of January, 1986 (Corydon 406). Hubbard's science-fiction writings, described as bold and highly imaginative(Malko 34) are particularly interesting because they offer insights into Hubbard's sense of fantasy and imagination (Malko 34). His science-fiction writings also expose certain parallels to particular Scientology principles and beliefs (Hubbard. Fundamentals. 35). According to Church of Scientology documents, humans first came to earth from outer space 75 million years ago, sent into exile here by an evil warlord named Xenu (Mallia. Sacred. 1). Scientology is chiefly employed through the processing of an individual (Hubbard. Fundamentals. 91-92). Scientologists refer to this procedure as auditing, while the person who carries out the processing is called an auditor. (Hubbard. Fundamentals. 92). The auditor makes people, at their own choice, do various exercises, and these exercises bring about changes for the better in intelligence, behavior and general competence (Hubbard. Fundamentals. 8). An auditor must follow a strict, and somewhat bizarre set of rules when processing an individual (Hubbard. Fundamentals. 92). These rules, laid out in the auditor's code, include 3. Do not process an individual after 10 p.m. and Do not process an individual who is improperly fed or hungry (Hubbard. What is. 191). The auditing process is assisted by the use of a specially designed tool called an Electro-psychometer, or E-meter (Mallia. Sacred. 2), which helps the auditor locate areas of spiritual distress or travail (Baskin 1). Like a lie detector, the E-meter sends a mild electrical current of 1.5 volts through the body while the patient holds a metallic cylinder in each hand (Mallia. Sacred. 2). Scientologists believe that the pictures in the mind contain energy and mass (Baskin 1). When a person holding the E-meter electrodes thinks a thought, looks at a picture or shifts some part of the reactive mind, he is changing this mental mass and energy (Baskin 1). It

The Game Plan Essay Example

The Game Plan Essay Example The Game Plan Essay The Game Plan Essay Essay Topic: Enders Game David Hunter (1998) once wrote, ‘football is there for life. It never goes stale. ’ (p. 37). In a sport as lasting as football, every member of the team must strive to perform at his best, all the time. Like any other sport, every team member plays a crucial part in the game. The goalkeeper, for instance, must be well skilled and carefully trained for they are in the forefront of the offense and the final straw in the team’s defense (Benjamin, 2007). The following 8-week training scheme will help the goalie increase his efficacy in the team- which will definitely provide a better statistic result for himself and the team as well. According to Jeff Benjamin (2007), there is a proper way of teaching goalkeeping techniques: footwork, catching, and proper positioning. Teaching them in that order is necessary to build proper foundation in the later and more advanced training. In a lecture that he gave for the South Dakota Soccer Team, goalkeeper turned soccer coach Brian Pitts (2008) told his students that there are a couple of techniques that one must have and develop fully to be able to be an effective goalie. His points mostly revolved on the types of attacking distribution, attacking ideas, defense during the play, setting-up of plays, and other defensive considerations. Aside from the physical training that the goalkeeper must endure, he must also undergo some psychological training to prepare him to be an effective decision maker, especially on that crucial split-second decision making (Benjamin, 2007). The Rough Play For the 8-week duration of this training, we will be distribute the four areas- fitness, technical, tactical, and psychological in a two-week interval, respectively. As the weeks go by, lessons from the previous week shall be inculcated with the additional training program. Say for example, before beginning with the technical training on the start of the third week, fitness drills will be performed first. Then so on, and so forth until the day of the last week, which is the culmination game wherein everything that is taught must be applied in the game. Fit for a goalie. Fitness training should be first in line because to be able to function properly as a goalkeeper, one must be physically fit to the demands of the role. A good set of warm-up and footwork exercises are crucial for the preparation of a goalkeeper. Rhythm is one of the vital things that a goalkeeper must learn. We can inculcate this through doing continuous warm-up exercises that promote that- jogging with various movements. Do it in variation: forward, lateral, backward and varying directions (Thomas, 2006, p. 10). Of course, like in any other sport, stretching, flexibility, and mobility drills are fundamental as well. As for the goalkeeper, focus should be on shoulders, trunk, lower back, groins, hamstrings and calves (Thomas, 2006, p.10). Another thing thatwould promote good rhythm in a goalie is footwork. As part of the warm-up exercise, we can use the drill made by Martin Thomas for Middlesex County. Image 1 on the left illustrates how basic footwork drills should be done. The focus of this exercise lies on the goalkeeper’s balance, coordination, rhythm, tempo, and shape (2006, p. 10). Act like one. To be a good and effective goalkeeper, one must be able to act like one. ‘If the goalkeeper feels comfortable and has a good and consistent handling of the ball then it is not a problem’ (Thomas, 2006, p.2). For the purpose of this training, basic positioning and stance are to be taught. We will be adapting a couple moe of Middlesex Coaching and Managers Association’s goalkeeping practices for this part. As per Coach Thomas, first to establish is the ‘Set Position’. Frequent difficulties encountered with this stance are as follows: goalkeeper’s starting position vis-a-vis to the ball, movement towards the line of the ball, and the initial assessment on which technique is most effective for the situation (p. 2). To prevent those difficulties from affecting the game, the main idea is that the goalkeeper must be able feel at ease. Distance of feet from each other should approximately be shoulder width apart; for a balanced position, most of the weight should be on the front half of the feet and body weight geared slightly forward; elbows must be narrow with and chest is facing the ball while hands must be ball width apart and should be located in front of the bodyline; lastly, head should be kept still (p. 2). Another useful method according to Thomas (2006) is the ‘Cup Technique’. Basically, this move is concerned on the goalkeeper’s ability to secure the ball when he catches it, thus ‘cupping’ with the use of his hands and body. Key pointers for this move are that the goal keeper must keep his chest square and the hands must be in front of the bodyline. Elbows should be tucked in with palms facing up. Don’t forget to spread the fingers. The midriff should be the part of the body that’s going to take the impact of the ball (p. 4). Image 2 portrays the Up-Down Agility and Diving drill which workouts the capability of the keeper to catch and run for the ball. This drill is one of the basic moves that one must be able to practice and execute well. Antic for tactics. The goalkeeper is not just responsible for the defensive play of the team but also with the communication of every member in the field. Four important key words for this part are: loud, clear, calm, and concise (Thomas, 2006, p. 9). Also, the goalie is the one responsible for the traffic of the team inside the playing field. Keepers also play the ‘second coach out on the field’ (Benjamin, 2003). The two basic call outs for the goalie are ‘away’ and ‘keeper’. The first one is a tell-sign that the goalkeeper is recovering to defend the goal and the command tells the defenders to go to their pushing out positions. The second call out, on the other hand, tells that his route should be quickest and shortest route to score. The key here is timing and proper angle (Thomas, 2006, p. 9). Think as you walk. As Jeff Benjamin (2003) wrote, ‘the position of the goalkeeper is one of the most psychologically demanding on the field†¦you can’t be stupid and play goal, but perhaps you must be a little crazy’. It’s not all about pressure on trying to do well in every game, but also having fun. One can truly enjoy his post, on whatever game he may be in, if he loves what he is doing. Finding the perfect position for you in a team is not that easy. You must be able to think like one to be able to act like one. As for everything else, perfection comes after continuous repetition. ‘Doing it right every time is what separates a good goalkeeper from a great one’ (Benjamin, 2003). The Goalie Scores After the eight-week goalkeeper training, the trainee is expected to increase his over-all performance statistics. Aside from that, the keeper should be able to exhibit a huge improvement on his personality in the field. Because he is now knowledgeable of his duties and roles in the court, he is now likely to be keener in every move that he commit. In addition to the drills mentioned above, further exercises can be included in the regular routine so as to continuously develop the skills of the goalkeeper. Handling corners and dealing with crosses are perhaps one of those techniques that the keeper must be keen on. Moving on an advanced level for this drill will ensure that the keeper will be able to practice his assessment decision, communication skills, timing of take off, and of course, catch-punch skills (Thomas, 2006, p. 17). Increasing the repetitions for this exercise will also help the keeper improve. Another consideration that one might want to take is the goalkeeper’s way of communicating with the rest of the team. As mentioned earlier, the keeper is not just the defender on that post, but he is also the second coach on the field. With that in mind, interactive drills involving the rest of the team must also be done. This 6v6 plus goalkeeper drill aims to utilize the accuracy of the keeper’s throwing and kicking technique. His communication and transition skills are also to be measured here. For the goalkeeper to be able to prove effective and reliable, he must be able to put not only in his actions, but in his mind as well that the game depends on how he performs and enjoy his role in the team. Reference List Benjamin, J. (2007). Jeff Benjamin’s

Ethical and Cultural Issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ethical and Cultural Issues - Essay Example Many people tend to believe that business is business and it is about standardized business practices that happen to be same around the world. They think that the relevance of culture in business is overrated. However, nothing could be far from the truth. The thing that needs to be understood is that every business system happens to evolve around a culture and is significantly influenced by the cultural norms and beliefs (Johnson & Turner, 2007). Thereby while undertaking business operations in foreign nations, it is quiet feasible to offend people from a different business culture, without even intending to actually do so. Yet, it is also a fact that even if one agrees to the fact that business systems do get influenced by culture, it is difficult to ascertain as to how much one should know about a culture while engaging in business with it. There is no definite answer. Certainly, cultural knowhow is important, yet more important is the attitude of the managers managing business in a foreign culture (Johnson & Turner, 2007). ... A manager working in a foreign culture also needs to retain an attitude that is caring about the society in which one operates. For instance while doing business in China, a manager needs to remember that the Chinese society is highly shaped and moulded by traditional Confucian values that affiliate to a strict sense of propriety and norms (Alon, 2007). It is these norms and values that determine as to how a person ought to operate, act and behave while dealing with a range of social hierarchies. In addition, it is a fact that the Chinese tend to maintain little separation between their business life and personal life, and each business decision tends to have a personal context (Alon, 2007). One important thing to be understood is that the concepts of ‘mianzi’ and ‘guanxi’ happen to highly influence the business ethics in China. Guanxi happens to be a system of business connections, contacts, networks and relations that is really complex and deeply imbedded (Alon, 2007). These connections are formed over decades and happen to run deep. Mianzi is affiliated to the concept of face and in a broader term it could be interpreted as a concern for one’s personal self respect and self respect of the others (Alon, 2007). Hence, while dealing with ethical issues in China a manager always needs to remember that no concern for ethics may supersede the notions of guanxi and mianzi. The Chinese notion of ethics is flexible in the sense that while deciding about ethics it does tends to show consideration for personal relationships and the onus of allowing others to save their sense of face, even if it involves somewhat

Intellectual property law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Intellectual property law - Essay Example With regards to a brief of this situation, it can be said that Trevor who was working as a laboratory assistant in the University of East shire’s Chemistry Department and his work involves assisting the PhD students in their experiments and also running the laboratory. Officially no project has been assigned to him, but the Head of the Department of Chemistry has permitted him to do research tasks if he intends to provided that they do not interfere with his routine tasks and responsibilities at the Department. An important fact of this case was that Trevor worked over the weekend beyond office hours with a PhD student into developing a cure for common cold. Since the student developed common cold, Trevor considers developing a cure for her problem. The student is working on a particular compound and Trevor decides to add the compound Millenniumium (Mil) to that compound. Mil is usually used to treat tropical diseases and in the past according to the author, the use of it for treating common cold has not been obvious to any body reasonably skilled in the art. Trevor immediately tests out the drug on his friend, and to his surprise the drug cures the common cold. Trevor immediately reports the invention to his boss the Head of the Department, who applies for a patent but does not put Trevor’s name in the application form. The head of the department does not offer credit Trevor. The facts of the other issues are that a professor from another rival university claims that Trevor’s invention may be obvious to a person skilled in the art and would not pass the non-obviousness test. The professor from the other university suggests that Trevor’s invention may have been found out by another person at some time as a lot of random testing had been going on with drugs. Trevor’s rights over the invention It may be difficult to ascertain the rights that Trevor would be having, but important facts of the case are that:- Trevor was the actual inventor of the drug combination containing Mil Trevor was using the resources of the university to test out the drug and develop the same Trevor was given permission by his HOD to carry out a research project he wanted provided that it did not interfere with his work in the organisation Trevor conducted the work beyond his work timings and hence it was not interfering with his work There were no efforts put by his HOD in developing the proposed combination of drugs that could be considered for the patent. Under Section 10(1), 10(2), 10(3) and 10(4) of the Patent Rules 2007, the Mention of the Inventor has been included. Under section 10(1), if the inventor has not been mentioned in the patent application, he/she has to be mentioned in the appendix or erratum. Under Section 10(2), if the inventor has not been mentioned, he can apply before the comptroller of Patents. Under Section 7(1) of the Patent Act 1997, there is a mention that any person can apply for a patent either alone or jointly. Under 7(2) it has been mentioned that person would include not only individuals but also corporate bodies including universities. The patent may be granted either to the inventor, joint inventor or to the successor/s of the inventor or inventors. Under section 7.06, the inventor has primarily the right to grant the invention to any person but this law may be overridden by legally enforceable